@article { author = {Hassanlou, Maryam and Mohebbi, Sohameh}, title = {Investigation of PTEN Promoter Methylation and Its Effect on Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma}, journal = {Personalized Medicine Journal}, volume = {6}, number = {20}, pages = {1-3}, year = {2021}, publisher = {AmitisGen TECH Dev Group}, issn = {2476-5538}, eissn = {2717-3860}, doi = {10.22034/pmj.2021.243872}, abstract = {PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene with important roles in apoptosis. This gene is located on chromosome 10q23 and is one of the most frequently inactivated genes in cancers. Severe underexpression of PTEN has been reported in several types of cancer, including endometrial, prostate, breast, and brain cancer. Also, this gene is epigenetically silenced through aberrant hypermethylation of CpG islands on its promoter. The present study investigated the promoter methylation and expression levels of PTEN in patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC).The study included 20 patients with NSCLC, whose bisulfite-treated DNA samples were investigated using the Methyl-Specific PCR (MSP) with primers specific for either methylated or non-methylated forms of PTEN. PTEN expression was also assessed using real-time PCR. 20 samples from NSCLC patients, 70% (n=14) showed PTEN underexpression, while 85% (n=17) had PTEN promoter methylation. Also, 12 of 17 (70%) samples with PTEN promoter methylation had concomitant PTEN underexpression.According to our results, there was a significant correlation between the PTEN promoter methylation and NSCLC. PTEN underexpression and promoter methylation were also significantly correlated.}, keywords = {Promoter Methylation,PTEN,Apoptosis,Gene expression,Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma}, url = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243872.html}, eprint = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243872_884d30bb4401ddb0a13b9376a18ffe4a.pdf} } @article { author = {Pooladgar, Parham and Naghavi Gargari, Bahar}, title = {Personalized Medicine in Bipolar Disorder}, journal = {Personalized Medicine Journal}, volume = {6}, number = {20}, pages = {4-8}, year = {2021}, publisher = {AmitisGen TECH Dev Group}, issn = {2476-5538}, eissn = {2717-3860}, doi = {10.22034/pmj.2021.243875}, abstract = {Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a cognitive and behavioral disease with mood fluctuation  . The 6th global problem is in adults. Disease susceptibility is affected through genetic factors, the epigenetic process marked the disease phenotype. On the other hand, the importance of DNA methylation in some neurobiological and cognitive activities such as brain development processes and activity includes psychiatric diseases like BD. Numerous long intergenic noncoding RNAs were found that regulate gene expression of several diseases and are involved in the brain and cognitive development as well as psychiatric disorders such as BD.Despite advances in neuropsychological or biological markers discoveries which predict personalized treatment efficacy,   the clinical history and exhibition are careful and predictable markers for patient categorizing and treatment management. The aim of individualized medicine is to find vulnerability or preservative factors through genetic change.Genetic, epigenetic factors, imaging, psychopathology and biomarkers can affect new treatments. Various studies such as family, twin, and adoption studies , linkage analysis indicated the association of HPA axis genes with vulnerability to BD. Personalized medicine applications in psychiatry focus on descriptive psychopathology and phenomenology via precise analysis and attention to each patient’s impaired brain and mood processes.The precision medicine studies concentrate on response to lithium, main treatment of BD  , frequent mood diseases , antidepressant resistant prediction ,risk and outcome assessment. Precision medicine is a hopeful way to develop new treatments based on individual genetic features. Personalized medicine in psychiatric disorder is in the infancy phases, but promising approaches were developed for complex diseases treatment with human genome sequencing.}, keywords = {Bipolar disorder,Personalized Medicine}, url = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243875.html}, eprint = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243875_7f693b57ae34680f9dabec49d6a7f713.pdf} } @article { author = {A Abdulkareem, Rafid and AL-Mashhadi, Abbas}, title = {Association of C677T Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of MTHFR with Susceptibility to Autism Spectrum Disorders}, journal = {Personalized Medicine Journal}, volume = {6}, number = {20}, pages = {9-11}, year = {2021}, publisher = {AmitisGen TECH Dev Group}, issn = {2476-5538}, eissn = {2717-3860}, doi = {10.22034/pmj.2021.243876}, abstract = {In general, people with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have problems in social, emotional, and communication skills. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have suggested a potential association of the C677T polymorphism of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) with autism spectrum disorders. The present study intended to investigate the relationship between this polymorphism of MTHFR and the severity of autism symptoms in two groups of children affected by autism and healthy children to elucidate its potential role as a risk factor for ASD.study included 40 patients with autism and 40 healthy participants with matched age as control. The samples from the participants underwent ARMS-PCR for MTHFR genotyping.  The CC genotype was reported in 50% (n=20) and 72.50% (n=29) of the children in the study and control groups, respectively, while the CT genotype was observed in 35% (n=14) of the study group and 17.50% (n=7) of the control group. Also, 15% (n=6) of the study group and 10% (n=4) of the control group had the TT genotype.According to our results, the genotype distribution and allele prevalence were significantly different between the groups.}, keywords = {Autism,MTHFR,ARMS-PCR,Genetic}, url = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243876.html}, eprint = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243876_d07eceee70ea54c39558f7556691adea.pdf} } @article { author = {Etemadi, Aida and Hassanlou, Maryam}, title = {TERT Promoter Polymorphisms and Risk of Cervical Cancer}, journal = {Personalized Medicine Journal}, volume = {6}, number = {20}, pages = {12-14}, year = {2021}, publisher = {AmitisGen TECH Dev Group}, issn = {2476-5538}, eissn = {2717-3860}, doi = {10.22034/pmj.2021.243877}, abstract = {TERT It has been shown that TERT is overexpressed in 90% of human cancers, and genetic alterations in the proximal promoter of TERT are significantly associated with a variety of different cancer types. In recent years, a new mechanism of TERT regulation through the non-coding driver mutations (C228T and C250T) in the TERT promoter has been reported in several cancer types. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) rs2853669 and cervical cancer.The study included 80 individuals, including 50 patients with cervical cancer and 30 healthy controls. The samples from the participants underwent sequencing and genotyping using the Polymerase Chain Reaction - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.It was found that 16%, 24%, and 60% of the cervical cancer samples had the genotypes of AA, AG, and GG, respectively. In the control group, the frequencies were 13.33%, 50%, and 36.66% of the samples for the genotypes of AA, AG, and GG, respectively. According to our findings, there was a significant association between the recessive model GG vs. AA+AG and cervical cancer susceptibility. }, keywords = {cervical cancer,Telomerase,TERT,PCR-RFLP}, url = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243877.html}, eprint = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243877_b55ff4e32c5a110246964827e30ed559.pdf} } @article { author = {Ardalan, Abbas and Esfahani, Vahidreza}, title = {Detection and Genotyping of HPV Infection Using a New Method Based on Real-Time PCR}, journal = {Personalized Medicine Journal}, volume = {6}, number = {20}, pages = {15-17}, year = {2021}, publisher = {AmitisGen TECH Dev Group}, issn = {2476-5538}, eissn = {2717-3860}, doi = {10.22034/pmj.2021.243879}, abstract = {The causalGiven the known relationship between the HPV infection and some malignancies, it is critical to develop methods for quick detection and quantitation of certain HPV types while encountering a suspected lesion. Early HPV detection is greatly important in monitoring and treating the disease development and progression.  Detection of the viral DNA using PCR is the standard, noninvasive method for detecting cervical HPV infection. In the present study, we intended to develop a TaqMan genotyping assay that targets two types of high-risk HPV types (HPV 16 & 18) and two of the low-risk types (6 & 11).The study included 75 samples positive for HPV, of which 37 were positive for HPV types 16 and 18, while 38 were positive for HPV types 6 and 11. The samples had been confirmed by a reference kit before. The samples underwent real-time PCR. Each reaction consisted of the 1X CAPITAL™ qPCR Probe Master Mix, specific primer pairs for HPV, and fluorescent-tagged probes.According to our findings, all the samples genotyped using this method were compatible with the results by the reference kit, which was remarkable.In conclusion, our type-specific approach based on real-time PCR could detect the entire samples positive for four types of HPV.}, keywords = {Human papillomavirus,Real-time PCR,genotyping,TaqMan Probe}, url = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243879.html}, eprint = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243879_94c63c5b610ba4e85f55ac729d178964.pdf} } @article { author = {Naghoosi, Hamed and Arabzadeh, Somaye}, title = {Expression Evaluation of Long Non-Coding RNA TLC6 in Renal Cell Carcinoma}, journal = {Personalized Medicine Journal}, volume = {6}, number = {20}, pages = {18-20}, year = {2021}, publisher = {AmitisGen TECH Dev Group}, issn = {2476-5538}, eissn = {2717-3860}, doi = {10.22034/pmj.2021.243880}, abstract = {Renal Cell Carcinomas (RCC) are a wide range of heterogeneous tumors that mainly originate in renal tubular epithelial cells. These carcinomas are more common in males older than 60. Studies have shown that overexpression of the Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) TCL6, which is a lncRNA with roles in T-cell lymphoproliferative diseases, could suppress the proliferation and growth of Clear Cell RCC (ccRCC) cells. The present study intended to investigate the association of this specific lncRNA with ccRCC by comparing the expression levels in cancerous tissues with the adjacent normal tissues.The study included 44 samples of ccRCC cells and healthy, adjacent tissue from the affected patients. The expression levels of TCL6 lncRNA were assessed in the cancerous tissues and the adjacent normal tissues using real-time PCR.According to the results, TCL6 lncRNA was significantly underexpressed in the cancerous tissues than the adjacent normal tissues.In conclusion, these findings indicated that TCL6 might have roles in the tumorigenesis regulation and development of RCC.}, keywords = {Renal cell carcinoma,Long Non-Coding RNA,Gene expression}, url = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243880.html}, eprint = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243880_5578c623cb589e81171f7ca8893e73e8.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohebbi, Sohameh and Poorhasan, Nafise}, title = {Apoptosis-Inducing Effect of Hesperidin on Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF7}, journal = {Personalized Medicine Journal}, volume = {6}, number = {20}, pages = {21-23}, year = {2021}, publisher = {AmitisGen TECH Dev Group}, issn = {2476-5538}, eissn = {2717-3860}, doi = {10.22034/pmj.2021.243881}, abstract = {Hesperidin is a flavanone present in citrus fruits, such as oranges and lemons. It exerts non-toxic activities in normal cells; however, it has been reported to suppress cell proliferation in several cancer types. Moreover, it was shown that dietary hesperidin acts as an anti-carcinogenic agent for some tumors. In the present study, we investigated the effect of hesperidin on breast cancer cell line MCF7 and also its effects on the expression of apoptosis-related genes in this cell line.MCF7 cells were divided into 4 groups, including 3 study groups and 1 control group. Each study group was treated with 50, 75, or 100 μg/mL hesperidin, while the control group was left untreated. The samples underwent real-time PCR using the primers specific for BCL-2 and BAX, as the study genes, while GAPDH was used as the control.According to our findings, hesperidin caused a significant decrease in BCL-2 mRNA levels at all the doses used in the study groups compared to the control group (p < 0.002). The observed decrease was dose-dependent. Also, hesperidin induced a significant overexpression of BAX when used in doses of 75 and 100 µg/mL in comparison to the control group.The present study proved the significant apoptosis-inducing effect of hesperidin on the breast cancer cell line MCF7.}, keywords = {Hesperidin,Real-time PCR,Breast cancer,Apoptosis,Gene expression}, url = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243881.html}, eprint = {https://www.pmjournal.ir/article_243881_89130816be2cca077f7b9544a198bb29.pdf} }