Personalized and Precision Medicine Journal

Abstract Variability in medication reactions and illness susceptibility among individuals is often seen in clinical settings. Personalized medicine is now highly esteemed for its focus on prescribing the appropriate medication to each patient. Metabolomics is a developing field that thoroughly assesses all metabolite and low-molecular-weight compounds in a biological sample. Metabolic profiling offers a quick overview of a cell's physiology, making the technique a direct indicator of an organism's physiological condition. Quantifiable correlations exist between the metabolome and other cellular components such as the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and lipidome. These correlations can be utilized to forecast metabolite levels in biological samples based on mRNA levels. One of the key problems in systems biology is to incorporate metabolomics with other -omics data to enhance comprehension of cellular biology. Metabolomics is used to assess the effectiveness of clinical substances by analyzing the metabolic characteristics of patients before treatment to predict their responses (pharmacometabolomic) and to identify individuals at risk of developing diseases (patient stratification). The rapid progress in metabolomics technique highlights its significant potential for use in customized treatment. We reviewed the unique benefits of metabolomics, including instances in assessing medication treatment and individual stratification, and emphasized metabolomics' promise in personalized medicine.

Abstract The synovial joints are most affected by the systemic autoimmune inflammatory condition known as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A unique and underappreciated link exists between rheumatoid vasculitis (RV), an extra-articular symptom of RA, and Inflammatory Aortic Disease (aortitis). In this article, we describe the case of a 64-year-old lady who had RA-associated aortitis and conducted a literature search on the condition. Patients with RA-associated aortitis received an average oral steroid dosage of 40.2 mg/day of prednisolone (PSL). Due to the patient's RV-related symptoms, including epidermal ulceration, a significant rheumatoid factor titer, and a modest PSL dosage significantly alleviated the clinical features, it was assumed that RV also caused our patient's aortitis. Early identification and the start of therapy are crucial since RA-associated aortitis may be lethal if left untreated.

Abstract In the twenty-first century, there still needs more clarity on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Rheumatoid arthritis is a widespread but heterogeneous illness with a broad range in its history, clinical symptoms, and response to therapy. It is now known that prevention of joint destruction, functional impairment, and a poor disease prognosis depends on early, correct diagnosis and starting therapy with disease-modifying drugs (DMARDs), among which methotrexate (MTX) remains the gold standard in the treatment of RA. Early rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis is crucial since it enables a speedier start to primary therapy. Pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic research, which aid in identifying a patient’s genetic profile, may bring personalized treatment closer to reality. Identifying disease-specific genes while the organism’s resistance to them is still intact should be made feasible by further study into RA.

Abstract Propiconazole is a systemic fungicide from the triazole group used to control a wide range of diseases. This poison causes cellular, genetic and metabolic damage in animals. A bone is a hard tissue whose content is constantly changing. Longitudinal growth of the bone occurs through the growth plate, which is a cartilaginous structure at the end of the body's long bones. During puberty, while the growth plate closes (ossifies), the longitudinal growth of the bone stops. This study aimed to investigate propiconazole's effect on growth plate width changes (including the area of ​​proliferating cells and the area of ​​hypertrophied cells) in immature rats. This experimental study was conducted on 12 immature male Wistar rats randomly divided into control and propiconazole groups. The treatments were done by oral gavage for 28 days. On the 28th day, the dead animals and the left leg femur were separated for histomorphometric studies of the growth plate width of the femoral epiphysis. Investigations were carried out by (Rasband Wayne, 40g.1. ver, ImageJ, USA, NIH), and the significance of the results was done by ANOVA analysis of variance and Tukey's test. The width of the growth plate in the propiconazole group had a significant decrease compared to the control group (P = 0.0126), which is a decrease in the width of the proliferating area (P < 0.001) and an increase in the width of the hypertrophied area (P = 0.016). Propiconazole leads to a decrease in the width of the growth plate of the femoral epiphysis of immature rats. It can be a factor in disrupting the process of longitudinal bone growth and premature closure of the growth plate.

Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak offers an unmatched chance to take advantage of personalized medicine's benefits for the protection, detection, medication, monitoring, and administration of a fresh public health crisis. Antibiotics, which were formerly regarded as miracle cures and among the most difficult life-saving discoveries of the twentieth century, are now posing a hazard to society as a result of overuse and abuse. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a widespread issue that is becoming worse, and the current COVID-19 pandemic might make things even worse. It has been shown that a significant portion of Covid-19 patients gets secondary microbiological infections. The medical industry is now facing difficulties because of this. As a result, several non-antibiotic techniques have been sought, and their processes have been examined, to slow the spread of AMR.