Personalized and Precision Medicine Journal

Abstract 3D bioprinting is a breakthrough fabrication technology in regenerative medicine It offers great promise for fabricating hierarchical and heterogeneous tissues and organs with similar architecture as those of the natural ones. This review discusses recent advances in 3D bioprinting and the progress made for fabricating functional tissues, which have regenerative therapy applications. We cover the development of bioprinting methodologies, bioink composition and optimization, and incorporation of cellular and molecular signals for improving tissue function. An overview of the literature on key applications in skin, cartilage, bone and cardiovascular tissues is provided, including both preclinical achievements and clinical barriers/goals. In addition, we also talk about the contribution of bioprinted tissues for drug screening, disease modelling and personalized medicine. Regulatory and ethical aspects associated with the clinical translation of bioprinted tissues are also highlighted in this review. We present an up-to-date analysis of the recent literature (including studies from Nature, The Lancet, and BMC) as well as a data-rich viewpoint on 3D bioprinting to date in regenerative medicine.

Abstract Recent research has uncovered a wide range of RNAs, including noncoding RNAs, and have discovered their varied modes of action inside cells. These ribonucleic acids (RNAs) play a crucial role in controlling many cellular processes and are thus anticipated to be significant targets for the treatment of human disorders. In recent years, RNA-based medicinal approaches have made significant advancements alongside their comprehensive functional research. Following extensive study and experimentation, medications based on antisense RNAs and small interfering RNAs have been successfully created and are already being used in clinical settings. Furthermore, there is now ongoing research focused on the development of pharmaceuticals using RNA aptamers and messenger RNA. In addition to the advancement of RNA-based medications, many techniques have been devised to effectively deliver RNA drugs into cells. RNA treatment offers several benefits compared to current therapeutics based on small molecules or monoclonal antibodies, mostly due to its ability to selectively target all genes inside cells. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the introduction of various RNA-based technologies and the introduction of RNA-based drugs in the market. In addition, the future prospects of RNA therapy will be addressed.

Abstract Cancer is a significant global cause of mortality, and enhancing therapy is essential to save lives and minimise adverse consequences. Aptamers, composed of DNA or RNA, have the potential for cancer treatment by precise targeting of certain molecules. Aptamers, unlike conventional therapies such as chemotherapy, have the specific objective of delivering medications directly to cancer cells, while reducing injury to healthy cells. This paper examines the process of aptamer development and utilisation in cancer treatment, with a specific emphasis on their capacity to enhance therapy and surmount drug resistance. Additionally, it explores the obstacles and potential advancements in using aptamers to transform cancer therapy.