Personalized and Precision Medicine Journal

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an irreversible systemic autoimmune disorder. The advancement of the illness results in joint deformity and associated functional impairment, which profoundly impacts the standard of life of those affected. This review offers an overview of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including a broad introduction to the illness, its epidemiology, associated risks, and pathogenesis. It also emphasizes advancements in fundamental research and the many mechanisms of signaling and molecular processes, including genetic variables. Summary of previous studies: In recent decades, researchers have garnered more interest in rheumatoid arthritis. Aberrant signaling pathways in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) constitute a significant area of study for identifying and treating the condition, offering crucial insights for comprehending this complex illness and formulating relevant therapies. The etiology of rheumatoid arthritis is associated with several signaling pathways. Research has repeatedly examined the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), revealing that both environmental and genetic variables play significant roles in its onset. Additionally, several research indicates that the susceptibility and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may correlate with the HLA-DRB1 variant, which exhibits the most significant genetic relationship with RA.

Abstract Microbiome means microbes coexisting with the host, regardless of the species, in a part of the body of an organism called microbiome. Nowadays, changes in gut microbiota are considered as a potential therapeutic approach for the prevention or treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC).Studies have shown that dietary habits and lifestyle play a role in modulating the gut microbiota.
Intestinal microbiota plays a role in converting food components into oncometabolites. Some studies showed that Shigella, Citrobacter and Salmonella bacteria are more abundant in the early stages of cancer compared to healthy people. The aim of this study is to review the role of microbiomes in the development of colorectal cancer and the metabolites produced by microbiomes in the development of colorectal cancer.