Personalized and Precision Medicine Journal

Abstract A common and incapacitating condition, chronic pain offers a difficult field of work because of its variability and response to conventional treatments. Genomic and proteomic-based personalized medicine including epigenetic and biomarker information could help to lower treatment variability, so improving diagnosis, phenotypic classification, and individualized approaches to treatment. Recent developments in genetics and pharmacogenetics of pain, pain phenotyping techniques, and the development of focused therapies including epigenetic modulators, peptides, biologics and nanomedicine are underlined in this review. Personalized medicine seeks to match every patient's individual genetic makeup to their course of treatment. It is increasingly accepted that pain chronology involves epigenetic processes, including DNA methylation and histone modifications. Furthermore discussed are the value of biomarkers in evaluating therapy response and prognosis as well as ethical, financial, and data availability-related issues. Finally, future directions involve the use of artificial intelligence mixed with multi-omics data for tailored optimal pain management. Adopting these changes can help patients to have less chronic pain and improve the therapeutic outcomes.

Abstract Background and Objectives:
The coronavirus first appeared in Wuhan, China, in late November 2019, and has since spread to more than one hundred countries. COVID-19 has been declared by the World Health Organization as a Public Health Emergency of International Interest. This has been the result of a virus now having reached pandemic proportions and there not being an effective vaccine or antiviral treatment. In this article, we aim to highlight each current drug being tested for potential effectiveness on this disease.
Methodology: The research is a descriptive review conducted by a search in reputable scientific databases, including Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed, utilizing the phrases virus, coronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and treatment. The latest expertise:given that the development and efficacy of antiviral drugs require substantial time, monotherapy for other diseases may represent the most efficient therapeutic option for a certain condition. Pharmaceuticals with broad-spectrum efficacy, including Bevacizumab, Methylprednisolone, Fingolimod, fluoxetine, Ritonavir, chloroquine Fesnate, remdesivir, and Favipiravir, are currently under investigation as prospective candidates in various clinical trials.
Conclusion: To conclude, all these drugs are potentially useful in the prevention and treatment of diseases. But none of these drugs is a cure-all, specific treatment for COVID-19. Therefore, we must continue to search for an effective drug treatment for this disease until we have a proven successful agent available.