Personalized and Precision Medicine Journal

Abstract Chemotherapy and radiotherapy adversely affect spermatogenesis, a consequence that is particularly relevant to young men who have yet to establish families. The harmful effects of chemotherapy on spermatogenesis are variable, depending on the type and dosage of chemotherapeutic agents used. The current study assessed the effect of cancer therapy on sperm DNA fragmentation by Comet assay. Sperm DNA fragmentation was evaluated in cured cancer patients. The results showed a significant relationship between chemotherapy and double-stranded and single-stranded sperm DNA fragmentation.
 
 

Abstract The most common human archival specimens are formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. PCR-based techniques have been coupled with new developments in the extraction of DNA from FFPE. Herein, we report the results of a comparison of different methods of DNA extraction from FFPE specimens, including phenol-chloroform, salting-out, and silica-based commercial kits. Results showed no significant differences between the amounts of DNA obtained from each of the extraction methods studied; however, the salting-out DNA extraction method described is much easier and less toxic than the phenol–chloroform method.

Abstract Because of their small size, unique physics, and chemical properties, metal nanoparticles can easily cross obstacles and reach their target cells, which makes them an ideal choice for therapeutic purposes in various cancers. In this study, the effects of iron oxide nanoparticles on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line were examined, and biomarkers related to oxidative stress were evaluated. Fe2O3 nanoparticles were suspended in a cell culture medium and diluted to appropriate concentrations (0, 10, 30, 60, and 120 μg/ml) for 24 and 48 h. GSH, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ROS generation were evaluated. The results showed that iron oxide nanoparticles induced intracellular ROS generation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The results further showed that iron oxide nanoparticles increased ROS and activated oxidative stress in cells.