Personalized and Precision Medicine Journal

Abstract Introduction: In this context, the use of medicinal plants as a natural and effective remedy for relieving Menstrual pain has been acknowledged in the western border region of Iran, serving as an alternative or complementary therapeutic approach. The aim of this study is to identify the medicinal plants employed in this region of Iran for the treatment of menstrual pain.
Methodology: This review study employed keywords such as medicinal plants, Iran, menstrual pain, and the provinces of West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Kurdistan, Kermanshah, Ilam, Khuzestan, and their cities, along with ethnobotany terms. Databases such as Google Scholar, SID, MegaIran, PubMed, and Scopus were utilized for article searches. Ethnobotanical articles related to the topic were selected for text review.
Results: Based on the ethnobotanical review, it was identified that in the cities and provinces of the western border region of Iran, medicinal plants such as fennel, wild parsley, shepherd's purse, black cumin, thyme, dandelion, rue, safflower, myrtle, European hornbeam, Kurdistan pistachio, mint, marshmallow root, male orchid, yarrow, agrimony, nettle, bitter herb, verbena, horsetail, periwinkle, marigold, saffron, wild thyme, savory, rhubarb, and eastern chamomile are commonly used for managing, controlling, and treating menstrual pain. Notably, the highest diversity of plant species was observed in the regions of Behbahan, Khuzestan, and Zrewar, Kurdistan. Leaves were the most commonly used plant part, and the Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families presented the highest number of species, indicating the rich diversity of medicinal and traditional plant applications.
Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that the local communities in the western border region of Iran possess extensive knowledge regarding the use of medicinal plants for alleviating menstrual pain. Documenting and scientifically exploring this knowledge could lay the groundwork for the development of effective and natural herbal medicines in the domain of women’s health.

Abstract ABSTRACT
Brucellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella species, remains endemic in regions such as Iran and presents significant public health challenges. Conventional antibiotic therapies have limitations, including adverse effects and incomplete efficacy, which has led to growing interest in medicinal plants as complementary or alternative treatments. This study reviews Iranian medicinal plants with potential anti-brucellosis activity, examining their mechanisms based on both traditional knowledge and contemporary scientific research. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using keywords including "brucellosis," "Malta fever," "traditional medicine," "medicinal plants," and "treatment" in databases such as Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, and Scopus. Relevant articles were screened, and data were systematically extracted and analyzed to provide an integrative review. The analysis identified several medicinal plants with notable therapeutic potential against brucellosis, including Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Mentha piperita L., Cinnamomum verum J. Presl, Thymus vulgaris L., Salvia officinalis L., Origanum vulgare L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Aloe vera L., Cuminum cyminum L., Alcea rosea L., Achillea millefolium L., Calendula officinalis L., Allium cepa L., Anethum graveolens L., Apium graveolens L., Allium sativum L., Coriandrum sativum L., Cucurbita spp. L., Rosa canina L., Elaeagnus angustifolia L., Scrophularia deserti Eig, Berberis vulgaris L., Ziziphora tenuior L., and Alhagi maurorum Medik. Taxonomic analysis showed that the Lamiaceae family was most represented (24%), followed by Asteraceae and Apiaceae (16% each). Mechanistic analysis indicated that antibacterial activity accounted for 32% of therapeutic effects, followed by anti-inflammatory (24%) and antioxidant (20%) activities. Native Iranian medicinal plants may serve as effective complementary agents in the management of brucellosis. Their use, particularly in endemic regions, could enhance patients' quality of life and mitigate the side effects associated with conventional treatments. Nonetheless, further rigorous clinical studies are required to validate their efficacy and safety.