Personalized and Precision Medicine Journal

Abstract Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship between genetic factors and drug use tendency, many of which have shown a significant correlation between genetic factors and drug use, especially heroin and cocaine. The most important site of drug action is the brain, which contains a variety of nerve receptors. Dynorphins are opioid peptides derived from the prodynorphins precursor (PDYN). These opioid peptides are capable of binding to the three types of opioid receptors. Studies have shown that heroin and cocaine use is associated with increased PDYN gene expression in specific areas of the brain. In this study, we investigated the association between rs910080 polymorphism in the 3'UTR region and the number of VNTR sequences in the promoter region with the tendency of heroin use in 155heroin addicts and 150 control with RFLP method. Results showed a significant relationship between heroin abuse and CC genotype in rs910080 polymorphism (P = 0.001), but no significant relationship between VNTR promoter repeats and heroin abuse. Rs910080 polymorphism can be used as a distinguishing factor.

Abstract Diabetes Mellitus is defined as a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. The more prevalent form, type 2 diabetes, usually begins as insulin resistance, a disorder in which the cells do not use insulin properly. T2DM is a complex multifactorial disease in which multiple genetic variants interact with environmental factors to trigger the disease. There is sufficient evidence that T2DM has a strong genetic basis. One of the identified candidate genes associated with type 2 diabetes is CDKAL1, reduced expression of CDKAL1 would result in enhanced activity of CDK5 in β cells, which would lead to decreased insulin secretion. In this study, the association of polymorphism rs10946398 of CDKAL1 with type 2 diabetes was evaluated in 200 people by RFLP-PCR method. No significant association was found between the genotypes of polymorphism rs10946398 and type 2 diabetes in the target population. It is suggested that this polymorphism association with type 2 diabetes in larger populations evaluated.

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disorder. The etiology of MS is not clear but genetic and epigenetic factors are involved in MS development. Studies have shown that IL7R gene polymorphisms is capable of changing MS susceptibility. We investigated the association of MS with rs11567658, rs11567686 promoter polymorphisms of IL7R gene in western provinces of Iran. In the present study, 187 MS patients and 190 healthy control were evaluated. Polymorphic regions of IL7R promoter were amplified by appropriated primers and polymorphisms were then evaluated by RFLP method followed by validation via Sanger sequencing. Results shown rs11567685 and rs11567686 are significantly associationed with MS (P = 0.017 P = 0.046), significant association of these polymorphism with age was also found (P = 0.002). This study showed that IL7 receptor gene polymorphism has a key role in MS development and may be important opportunity for development of therapeutic and diagnostic strategies in context of personalized medicine.