1. Allouche L, Hamadouche M, Touabti A. Chronic effects of 
low lead levels on sperm quality, gonadotropins and testosterone 
in albino rats. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2009 Sep; 61(5): 503-10. 
2. Shan G, Tang T, Zhang X. The protective effect of ascorbic 
acid and thiamine supplementation against damage caused by lead 
in the testes of mice. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 009 Feb; 29(1): 68-72.
3. Graca A, Ramalho-Santos J, de Lourdes Pereira M. Effect of 
lead chloride on spermatogenesis and sperm parameter in mice. 
Asian J Androl. 2004 Sep; 6(3): 237-410. 
4. Sokol RZ. The effect of duration of exposure on the expression 
of lead toxicity on the male reproductive axis. J Androl. 1990 
Nov-Dec; 11(6):521-6
5. Anjum MR, Sainath SB, Suneetha Y, Reddy PS. Lead acetate 
induced reproductive and paternal mediated developmental 
toxicity in rats. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2011 May; 74(4): 793-9
6. Golshan- Iranpoor F, Emami E. The effects of lead on motility, 
viability and DNA denaturation of cauda epididymal spermatozoa 
of mouse. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2011Oct-Nov; 13(4):1-8. 
[full text in Persian] 
7. Alvarez JA, Ashraf A. Role of vitamin d in insulin secretion 
and insulin sensitivity for glucose homeostasis. Int J Endocrinol. 
2010; 7(1):351-385.
8. Holick MF, Chen TC. Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide 
problem with health consequences. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Apr; 
87(4):108-118. 
9. Sung CC, Liao MT, Lu KC, Wu CC. Role of vitamin D in 
insulin resistance. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012 Sep; 2012:634195. 
10. Nimitphong H, Chanprasertyothin S, Jongjaroenprasert 
W, Ongphiphadhanakul B. The association between vitamin D 
status and circulating adiponectin independent of adiposity in 
subjects with abnormal glucose tolerance. Endocrine. 2009 Oct; 
36(2):205-10.
11. Patel P, Poretsky L, Liao E. Lack of effect of subtherapeutic 
vitamin D treatment on glycemic and lipid parameters in Type 2 
diabetes: Apilot prospective randomized trial. J diabetes. 2010 
Mar; 2(1):36-40. 12- Foss YJ. Vitamin D deficiency is the cause 
of common obesity. Med Hypotheses. 2009 Mar; 7(2): 314–321.
12. Souri E, Farsam H, Hasani M, Azimi kheirabadi Z. 
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of 25 plant seeds used in Iranian 
folk medicine. JMP. 2003 Dec; 4(8):27-34.
13. Naziroğlu M. Enhanced testicular antioxidant capacity in 
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: protective role of vitamins 
C and E and selenium. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2003 Jul;94(1):61-72
14. Baghy Nia N, Oryan SH, Fani A, Maleky Rad A. The effect 
of Cardamom- tea watery extract on oxidative stress. AMUJ. 2008 
Dec; 11(4):1-7. [full text in Persian.