Personalized and Precision Medicine Journal
Where Innovations Meets Personalized and Precision Medicine

Advancing Remyelination Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis: Beyond Inflammation Control

Author

Sevak Hatamian

FCCM, Department of Anaesthesia, Clinical Research Development Unit of Shahid Madanii Hospital, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.22034/ppmj.2025.732264
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a long‐term disease that is frequently progressive and affects the central nervous system (CNS). This in turn breaks down the myelin sheath the protective covering around nerve fibers. Damage to myelin leads to a breakdown in nerve communication and can cause a number of neurological conditions. This study examines recent approaches towards increasing remyelination in the multiple sclerosis (MS) population as the protection of oligodendrocytes and promotion of remyelination are essential therapeutic goals. Materials and methods: A search was performed in national and international databases with the use of specific keywords. This search resulted in the identification of 235 articles, on “remyelination” and “multiple sclerosis”. Seventy articles were included in this review from 2000 up to 2020. These findings lead to the conclusion that already established immunomodulatory therapies have some benefits for reduction of myelin breakdown, but are rather poor at promoting remyelination, most notably in progressive MS.Controversially during the last years a change has been made towards compounds targeting (symptomatic) inflammation as well as remyelination. These interventions may optimize function and may promote axonal conduction. These strategies, including stem cell therapy, growth factors, small molecules and gene therapies hold promise in future treatment of MS. Not only are they trying to stop further loss of myelin, but also attempt to repair what damage has already been done.

Keywords

Multiple sclerosis
Central Nervous System
Remyelination
Stem cell therapies
Nerve fibers
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Personalized and Precision Medicine Journal
Volume 10, Issue 39 - Serial Number 39
Original article
Autumn 2025
Pages 1-10

  • Receive Date 15 July 2025
  • Revise Date 23 August 2025
  • Accept Date 23 November 2025

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