Personalized and Precision Medicine Journal

Abstract Hesperidin is a flavanone present in citrus fruits, such as oranges and lemons. It exerts non-toxic activities in normal cells; however, it has been reported to suppress cell proliferation in several cancer types. Moreover, it was shown that dietary hesperidin acts as an anti-carcinogenic agent for some tumors. In the present study, we investigated the effect of hesperidin on breast cancer cell line MCF7 and also its effects on the expression of apoptosis-related genes in this cell line.
MCF7 cells were divided into 4 groups, including 3 study groups and 1 control group. Each study group was treated with 50, 75, or 100 μg/mL hesperidin, while the control group was left untreated. The samples underwent real-time PCR using the primers specific for BCL-2 and BAX, as the study genes, while GAPDH was used as the control.
According to our findings, hesperidin caused a significant decrease in BCL-2 mRNA levels at all the doses used in the study groups compared to the control group (p < 0.002). The observed decrease was dose-dependent. Also, hesperidin induced a significant overexpression of BAX when used in doses of 75 and 100 µg/mL in comparison to the control group.
The present study proved the significant apoptosis-inducing effect of hesperidin on the breast cancer cell line MCF7.

Abstract The increasing literature exploring the role of circulating miR-210 has clarified its potential as a promising biomarker for early detection, diagnosis and prognosis. Measuring circulating miR-210 levels could be a non-invasive method for early cancer detection. Even if, to date, most studies appear to be preliminary it seems that miR-210 will be a good target for drug development. In this study, we had detected the difference of serum miR-210 expression between health and breast cancer patients. total of 15 breast cancer patients were selected for the breast cancer (BC) group and 15 healthy people. The results showed The expression level of miR-210 in the serum of breast cancer patients was significantly higher compared with that in healthy individuals. Patients with breast cancer present increased levels of circulating miR-210; thus, circulating miR-210 may be a potential biomarker of tumor presence and therapeutic response in breast cancer

Abstract The roles of miRNAs in autoimmunity are only beginning to be explored; they may be involved in regulating immune responses against self-tissues.miRNAs may contribute to disease progression and response to treatment in MS patients. Several studies on MS have analyzed the role or profile of miRNAs in different tissues including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).The current study evaluated mir-21 and mir-146a in CSF samples of patients with multiple sclerosis. Differential expression of the two miRNAs was detected in at least 80% of the CSF samples;however, additional functional studies and analyses of larger cohorts are needed to validate these results and to elucidate the real role of these miRNAs in the context of MS.
 

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Approximately 25% of nonsmall-cell lung cancers have mutations in the EGFR gene, most of which occur in hotspot regions in exons 18, 19, 20, and 21. In-frame deletions in exon 19 (~50%) and the L858R point mutation in exon 21 (~40%) are associated with a favorable response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In this study, mutations of two exons of 19 and 21 in 50 lung cancer tumor samples were investigated by the sequence method. From 50 lung cancer patients, 8 (16%) patients had an L858R (c.2573T>G) mutation, 6 (12%) patients had deletion type 1a mutation, and one patient had deletion type 1b mutation. Examining the sequence of candidate genes associated with lung cancer can be very important in choosing the right treatment approach.

Abstract According to the World Health Organization, one in eight to ten women will develop breast cancer. Therefore, the development of new blood / serum markers is important as an alternative to traditional diagnosis methods. Early detection of breast cancer plays an important role in choosing the right treatment approach and treating the patient. In this study, the expression of miRNA21 gene in the plasma sample of people with breast cancer compared to healthy people was evaluated. The results of qPCR showed that the expression levels of miRNA-21 in the plasma samples of breast cancer patients were significantly increased compared to those of the healthy controls. These results suggest that Mir 21 could be a very good blood biomarker for the early detection of breast cancer.

Abstract One of the most well-known side effects of anticancer drugs is the disruption of spermatogenesis. One of the most important causes of infertility in men is impaired spermatogenesis. Busulfan is a cytotoxic alkylating agent and belongs to the alkyl sulfonate group. This agent causes DNA damage by cross-linking with DNA. It kills spermatogonial stem cells. The use of healthy antioxidants can reduce the side effects of alkylating agents. In this study, we measured the protective effect of curcumin on testicular tissue of mice treated with busulfan by measuring BAX expression as an apoptotic inducer and Bcl2 as an apoptotic inhibitor. The expression levels of the two apoptotic regulatory genes Bax and Bcl-2 were evaluated by realtime PCR in four groups of mice (control, treatment with busulfan, treatment with curcumin, and treatment with busulfan + curcumin). It was observed in the busulfan group that bcl2 expression decreased, and Bax increased significantly, and the busulfan + curcumin group showed the opposite effect. Curcumin can be beneficial as a dietary supplement in cancer patients treated with drugs such as busulfan.